This directorate deals with a colorless, transparent, odorless liquid that forms the seas, lakes, rivers, and rain and is the basis of the fluids of living organisms. It also deals with the water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle or the hydrological cycle, is a biogeochemical cycle that describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.

1) Department of Evaporation for Environmental Sustainability

This department focuses on evaporation. This is a process by which an element or compound transitions from its liquid state to its gaseous state below the temperature at which it boils; in particular, the process by which liquid water enters the atmosphere as water vapour in the water cycle.

 2) Department of Condensation for Environmental Sustainability

This department concerns itself with condensation. This is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water; it’s the opposite of evaporation. Condensation is crucial to the water cycle because it is responsible for the formation of clouds

 3) Department of Precipitation for Environmental Sustainability

This department deals with precipitation. Precipitation is the process by which any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls to Earth. It is one of the three main steps of the global water cycle.

 4) Department of Surface Runoff for Environmental Sustainability

This department deals with surface runoff. Surface runoff is the fraction of precipitation that does not infiltrate at the land surface and may be retained at the surface or result in overland flow toward depressions, streams and other surface water bodies.

 5) Department of Infiltration for Environmental Sustainability

This department deals with infiltration. Infiltration is the process by which precipitation soaks into the soil. Runoff is precipitation that does not soak into the soil but instead moves on the Earth’s surface toward streams. Stream flow is water moving across the Earth’s surface in streams.

Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is commonly used in both hydrology and soil sciences. The infiltration capacity is defined as the maximum rate of infiltration

 6) Department of Evapotranspiration for Environmental Sustainability

This department deals with evapotranspiration. This is the process by which water is transferred from the land to the atmosphere by evaporation from the soil and other surfaces and by transpiration from plants.

Factors that affect the rate of evapotranspiration include the amount of solar radiation, atmospheric vapor pressure, temperature, wind, and soil moisture.